Highlights - SIR ANDY HAINES - Tyler Prize Award-winner - Fmr. Chair of WHO World Health Report - Chair InterAcademy Partnership

“So when we think about cities of the future, we need to think about systems change because you can't just change one thing in isolation. You need to rethink how we can create cities that are both resilient to environmental change, they can withstand environmental shocks better. So, for example, reducing the urban heat island. We know that cities are hotter than the surrounding rural areas and within cities, there is often wide temperature variation depending on whether you're near a park or whether you are in a very built-up area without any natural shading or green space. And that can cause a massive variation, really substantial variation in the temperature. And we know also that some of that's related to inequities. One of the approaches, of course, is by creating more active opportunities for active travel, walking and cycling, safer walking, and cycling, but also better public transport systems. So reducing our dependence on a private car and then emphasizing more when we do need to use a car. Shared ownership, for example, is one option. So a number of things can be done. But of course, in order to change people's travel patterns, you need to make active travel, and public transport, both affordable, safe, and pleasant. And, and that's, I think a challenge for urban planners that we need to focus much more on that. And also, this has led to the rise of the concept of the 15-minute city, in which basically all basic services are within 15 minutes walking or cycling.”